An RBF file is an executable file used by the EV3 Intelligent Brick, which is a device used to control LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 robots. It stores an EV3 Basic program, which is used to make a robot perform a function. RBF files are compiled by the built-in compiler in EV3 Explorer and executed directly on the EV3 Intelligent Brick.

EV3 Basic programs are used to make LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 robots perform a variety of tasks, whether it be moving a certain direction or picking up an object. These programs can be run in PC mode and brick mode. In PC mode, the programs runs in Microsoft Small Basic, while relaying information to the EV3 Intelligent Brick in order to operate the robot. However, in brick mode, the programs run on the EV3 Intelligent Brick, which is a portable device that features a Linux-based operating system and is used to interface with the robots. RBF files are used to run programs on the EV3 Intelligent Brick. RBF files are compiled from .SB files, which are files that store Small Basic program code, by EV3 Explorer, which is a Windows program used to view and organize files stored on the EV3 Intelligent Brick. EV3 Explorer can also be used to download RBF, .RSF, and .RGF files to the EV3 Intelligent Brick.